Analisis Hubungan Ukuran Konka dengan Risiko Terjadinya Obstructive Sleep Apnea pada Pasien Rhinitis Alergi di RSU Kaliwates Jember

Abstract

Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a common sleep disorder characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction during sleep, leading to intermittent hypoxia and sleep fragmentation. The global prevalence of OSA is estimated at approximately 14% in men and 5% in women, although many cases remain undiagnosed. In Indonesia and other developing countries, the true prevalence is likely underestimated due to limited diagnostic resources. Nasal obstruction, including turbinate hypertrophy, is considered a contributing factor to OSA. In patients with allergic rhinitis affecting around 10–30% of the global population chronic inflammation can lead to turbinate enlargement, increasing airway resistance and potentially elevating OSA risk. However, previous studies have reported inconsistent findings regarding this relationship. Objective: This study aimed to analyze the relationship between turbinate size and the risk of OSA in patients with allergic rhinitis at Kaliwates General Hospital, Jember. Method: This analytical observational study used a cross-sectional design conducted from September 2025 to June 2026. A total of 30 patients with allergic rhinitis were selected using purposive sampling. Turbinate size was assessed using nasoendoscopy based on the Camacho grading system. OSA risk was evaluated using the STOP-BANG questionnaire and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Data were analyzed using Spearman’s correlation test. Results: The correlation between turbinate size and ESS scores showed r = −0.060 (p = 0.752), while the correlation with STOP-BANG scores showed r = −0.023 (p = 0.904), indicating very weak and statistically insignificant relationships. Conclusion: There was no significant association between turbinate size and OSA risk in patients with allergic rhinitis. Keywords: Allergic rhinitis, turbinate hypertrophy, obstructive sleep apnea, STOP-BANG, Epworth Sleepiness Scale.