Hubungan Asupan Makanan dan Aktifitas Fisik terhadap Kontrol Glukosa Darah Pasien Diabetes Melitus tipe II di Puskesmas Kedungwungu, Banyuwangi

Abstract

Type II Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by elevated blood glucose levels due to insulin resistance and impaired insulin secretion. An unbalanced diet and low physical activity may affect blood glucose control in patients with Type II DM. This study aimed to determine the relationship between dietary intake and physical activity with fasting blood glucose (FBG) levels among patients with Type II DM in the working area of Kedungwungu Public Health Center, Banyuwangi. This study was an observational study with a crosssectional approach conducted from February to March 2026 involving 81 pasients selected using simple random sampling technique. Data were collected through NutriSurvey and International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), as well as pasients’ fasting blood glucose examination results. Normality testing using the Shapiro–Wilk test showed that the data were not normally distributed; therefore, the analyses were performed using Spearman correlation and Kruskal–Wallis tests. The results showed a weak positive correlation between carbohydrate intake and FBG levels (r=0.230; p=0.039), a moderate positive correlation between fat intake and FBG levels (r=0.492; p<0.001), a strong negative correlation between protein intake and FBG levels (r=-0.743; p<0.001), and a strong positive correlation between total calorie intake and FBG levels (r=0.722; p<0.001). Physical activity also showed a significant association with FBG levels based on the Kruskal–Wallis test (p=0.020) and Spearman correlation (r=-0.312; p=0.005), indicating that higher physical activity was associated with lower FBG levels. Conclusion, there was a relationship between dietary intake (carbohydrat, fat, and protein), calorie intake, and physical activity with fasting blood glucose levels among patients with Type 2 DM.