Studi Penambatan Molekuler Dan Uji Aktivitas Antiinflamasi Senyawa (E)-1-(3,4 Dihidroisokuinolin-2(1H)-Il)-3-Fenilprop-2-En-1-on Secara in Vivo Dengan Metode Induksi Karagenan Pada Mencit

Abstract

Inflammation is a physiological defense mechanism against tissue injury or infection; however, excessive or prolonged inflammation may result in pathological conditions. Although non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are widely used, their long-term application is associated with adverse effects. Therefore, the development of safer anti-inflammatory agents remains necessary. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-inflammatory activity of a cinnamic acid derivative compound, (E)-1-(3,4-dihydroisoquinolin-2(1H)-yl)-3-phenylprop-2-en-1-one (3c), through molecular docking studies and in vivo testing. Molecular docking analysis revealed that compound 3c exhibited better binding affinity toward the COX-2 receptor (3LN1) compared to the positive control, while showing lower potential on the LOX receptor (7LAF). Visualization of ligand–receptor interactions demonstrated similarities with the reference drug, predominantly involving hydrophobic, electrostatic, and π-sulfur interactions. The in vivo anti inflammatory activity was assessed using a carrageenan-induced paw edema model in male BALB/c mice. Animals were divided into five groups: negative control, positive control (sodium diclofenac 3.25 mg/kg BW), and three treatment groups receiving compound 3c at doses of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg BW. Paw edema volume was measured hourly for five hours, and the percentage of edema inhibition was calculated. The results showed that compound 3c produced edema inhibition values of 68.26%, 74.85%, and 76.08% at doses of 1.25, 2.5, and 5 mg/kg BW, respectively, indicating a dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effect. These findings suggest that compound 3c has promising potential as a selective COX-2 anti inflammatory agent.