Analisis Tegangan Termal Kaca Jendela 2D Dengan Kondisi Konduktivitas Panas Anisotropik Menggunakan Metode Elemen Hingga

Abstract

This study investigates the effect of thermal stress on a 2D window pane under anisotropic heating conditions using the finite element method. The study aims to analyze the temperature distribution and thermal stress in the window pane resulting from an anisotropic heat source, as well as to identify the potential crack patterns that form. The mathematical model is based on two-dimensional heat conduction equations combined with thermal stress analysis. The heat conduction equation model is formulated as a two-dimensional partial differential equation considering Robin boundary conditions, then transformed into a weak form and solved using the finite element method. The model is solved by discrettoleransig the domain into small triangular elements. Linier basis functions are used to approximate the temperature field in each element, so the system is assembled into a thermal mass matrix, a thermal stiffness matrix, and a thermal load vector. The calculated temperature results are used to determine the principal stress distribution, which is then normalized against the allowable stress to obtain the crack risk map values. The research results show that the temperature distribution in the glass is non-uniform and is strongly influenced by the direction of the heat source. Temperatures tend to be higher in areas close to the heat source and decrease toward more distant regions. This pattern results in a non-uniform distribution of thermal stress, with a higher risk of cracking in areas experiencing significant temperature changes. The direction of the heat source influences the dominant direction of temperature and stress propagation, resulting in different crack risk patterns. Overall, the finite element method can serve as an effective numerical approach for analyzing thermal stresses resulting from two-dimensional heat transfer.