Evaluasi Kemampuan Gel Nanopartikel Kitosan Hermetia illucens dalam Regenerasi Sel Fibroblas pada Model Penyembuhan Luka In Vitro

Abstract

Periodontitis is a chronic multifactorial inflammatory disease of the periodontal tissue that can cause periodontal pockets, soft tissue destruction. Additional regenerative therapy that can regenerate periodontal tissue and optimize conventional therapy is needed in periodontitis disease. Chitosan, with its bioadhesive properties, high biocompatibility, antioksidan, and anti-inflammatory activity, was selected as the main ingredient in the nanoparticle gel formulation. Chitosan nanoparticles were synthesized through an ionic gelation method to improve bioavailability, solubility, and stability. This research method uses a posttest control group design with variations in the concentration of Hermetia illucens chitosan nanoparticle gel and standards (6%, 8%, 10%), CMC-Na 0.1%, cell control tested in a wound healing assay. The results showed that Hermetia illucens chitosan nanoparticle gel significantly increased fibroblas cell migration compared to the standard chitosan group, 0,1% CMC-Na, cell control group (p<0,05), especially at a concentration of 8% after 48 hours of observation. Regeneration activity was associated by the bioactive properties of chitosan which can increase the reorganization of fibroblast cells and support cell migration to the wound area. Hermetia illucens chitosan nanoparticle gel with a concentration of 8% has good effectiveness in increasing fibroblast cell regeneration as seen from the high percentage of wound closure area at 48 hours.