Prarancangan Pabrik Furfural dari Tempurung Kelapa Melalui Proses Zeitsch dengan Kapasitas 12.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

Furfural (C5H4O2) is a component that is widely used as an additional raw material for making fuel. Furfural is the result of the reaction of hemicellulose (C5H8O4) and water (H2O) with the help of sulfuric acid catalyst (H2SO4) to become xylose (C5H10O5) which is reacted again with sulfuric acid (H2SO4) to become furfural through hydrolysis and dehydration processes. The hydrolysis reaction between hemicellulose and water occurs in a mixed flow reactor, while the dehydration reaction of xylose occurs in a plug flow reactor to form furfural and water. Furfural is then separated from its impurities in a distillation column tower, and a final purity of 98% furfural is obtained. The design of the furfural factory has a capacity of 12,000 tons/year. The design of this factory will be established in the Gaung area, Indragiri Hilir Regency, Riau with an area of approximately 63 hectares. This furfural factory is planned to be established in the form of a Limited Liability Company (PT) with 147 employees. Economic evaluation shows that the Pay Out Time (POT) value is 4.4 years, the Rate of Return Investment (ROI) is 13%, and the Break Even Point (BEP) is 45%. Gross profit from product sales is Rp 1,361,568,444,353.67 and net profit is Rp 1,021,176,333,265.25. Based on the results of the economic evaluation, the furfural factory from coconut shells with sulfuric acid catalyst is feasible to be established.