Optimasi Karbopol dan Trietanolamina dalam Sediaan Nanoemulgel Minyak Daun Cengkeh (Syzygium aromaticum) sebagai Antioksidan Topikal

Abstract

Clove leaf oil (Syzygium aromaticum) is reported to have antioxidant activity. However, direct use of clove leaf oil can cause irritation so it is considered to be formulated into a nanoemulgel preparation. This research aims to determine the optimum formula for nanoemulgel by optimizing the concentration of carbopol as a gelling agent and TEA as an alkalizing agent. Optimization was carried out using expert design software using the factorial design method to determine the effect of carbopol and TEA and their interaction on the physical characteristics of the nanoemulgel (pH, spreadability and viscosity). Nanoemulgel is made by mixing nanoemulsion into a gel base. Nanoemulsion uses Tween 80 as surfactant and PEG 400 as cosurfactant. This nanoemulsion will be added to the gel base and mixed until homogeneous to form a nanoemulgel. The basic gel composition was made using upper and lower concentration limits, where the concentrations of carbopol and TEA used were in the range of 1.5% - 4%. Carbopol has an effect on reducing pH, increasing viscosity, and decreasing spreadability. TEA concentration has an effect on increasing pH, increasing viscosity, and decreasing spreadability. Then, if the interaction between the two affects the increase in viscosity and decrease in spreadability. The optimum formula suggested by the software consists of carbopol 1.5% and TEA 1.5% with physical characteristics including pH 6.193; spreadability 6.4 cm; and a viscosity of 100 dPa.s and has an IC50 value of 6.62, which is classified as a strong antioxidant