Evaluasi Penggunaan Laravel Modular Monolith dan Next.Js Monolith dalam Pengembangan Sistem Informasi Kauje Digital

Abstract

The rapid growth of digital transformation in higher education has increased the demand for reliable, scalable, and maintainable information systems, including alumni information systems. The selection of frameworks and software architecture plays a crucial role in determining system performance and maintainability. This study compares the performance and code complexity of backend APIs between Laravel 12 and Next.js 16, using the Kauje Digital Alumni Information System as a case study. This research adopts a quantitative comparative approach. Performance testing was ran using Grafana K6 on three Virtual Private Server (VPS) specifications to represent different levels of production resources. Load testing scenarios involved 100 concurrent virtual users across eight core API features, including register, login, users, jobs, collaborations, products, news, forums, and file upload scenarios. The performance evaluation considers average response time, throughput, P95 latency, and success rate. In addition, code complexity and maintainability were analyzed using CK-Metrics, namely Weighted Methods per Class (WMC), Response for a Class (RFC), Lack of Cohesion of Methods (LCOM), Coupling Between Objects (CBO), Depth of Inheritance Tree (DIT), and Number of Children (NOC). The results indicate that Next.js delivers more efficient performance across most features, particularly for authentication and read-heavy operations, achieving lower response times and more consistent latency. Meanwhile, Laravel deployed with Laravel Octane and Swoole demonstrates significant performance improvements as server resource increases, resulting in competitive and stable performance under concurrent workloads. From the perspective of code complexity, Next.js Monolith shows lower complexity metrics, whereas Laravel Modular Monolith offers a more structured codebase. Overall, Next.js is well-suited for systems prioritizing efficiency and consistent performance, while Laravel with Octane and Swoole represents a balanced and competitive solution for module based systems.