Toksisitas Ekstrak Daun Kapuk Randu (Ceiba pentandra L.) terhadap Mortalitas Larva Nyamuk Aedes aegypti L. dan Pemanfaatannya Sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer

Abstract

Aedes aegypti L. mosquitoes are vectors of dengue fever, which remains a serious health problem, requiring effective and environmentally friendly control measures. One alternative is a natural larvicide derived from kapok leaves, which contain secondary metabolites that have the potential to paralyze larvae. This study aimed to determine the toxicity of kapok leaf extract (Ceiba pentandra L.) on the mortality of Aedes aegypti L. mosquito larvae within 48 hours and to analyze the validity of popular science books as research products. This study was a quantitative study using a laboratory experimental method with several variations in extract concentration and observation of larval mortality for 48 hours. The concentration range obtained in the preliminary test was 100 ppm, 2500 ppm, 5000 ppm, 7500 ppm, and 10000 ppm, which were used for the final test. Based on these results, 100 ppm killed 3.75% of larvae, 2500 ppm killed 20% of larvae, 5000 ppm killed 43.75% of larvae, 7500 ppm killed 75% of the larvae, and 10000 ppm killed 91.25% of the larvae. The negative control with distilled water did not cause larval mortality, while the positive control with 100 ppm abate resulted in 100% mortality. The results showed that increasing the concentration of kapok leaf extract increased the mortality of Aedes aegypti L. larvae, with an LC₅₀ value of 4956.741 ppm with a lower limit of 4282.634 ppm and an upper limit of 4546.789 ppm at an exposure time of 48 hours. These research results were developed into a popular science book that obtained a validation score of 88.7%, making it highly valid and suitable for use by the general public.