Pra-Rancangan Pabrik Hidroksiapatit Dari Limbah Cangkang Telur Menggunakan Metode Sol-Gel Dengan Kapasitas 30.000 Ton/Tahun

Abstract

The proposed hydroxyapatite plant, utilizing waste eggshells as the primary raw material with a production capacity of 30,000 tons/year, is designed to meet the domestic demand for biomaterials while reducing dependence on imports. The plant is planned to be located in Sumurgeneng Village, Jenu District, Tuban Regency, East Java Province, and will operate for 330 days per year. Hydroxyapatite is produced using the sol-gel method, which consists of eggshell pretreatment (washing and size reduction), calcination in a furnace to produce CaO, formation of Ca(OH)₂, reaction with H₃PO₄ in a Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor (CSTR), solid-liquid separation using a centrifuge, drying in an oven, and final calcination. The utility system is designed to include seawater treatment using Seawater Reverse Osmosis (SWRO), as well as electricity and fuel supply systems. The economic evaluation indicates that the proposed plant is financially feasible, with a Rate of Return (ROR) of 51.80%, a Pay Out Time (POT) of 2 years, a Break Even Point (BEP) of 45%, and an Annual Cash Flow (ACF) of 60.80%.