Extraction of Phenolic Compound from Sargassum Sp. in Ethanol: effect of Particle Size, Extraction Time and Ratio Substrate to Solvent on The Yield of Phenol

Abstract

Sargassum Sp., a part of brown algae, traditionally is used as animal feed. In spite of this, Sargassum containing phenolic compound which shows a promising as a natural antioxidant feedstock. This work is to extract the phenolic compound from Sargassum Sp in ethanol and to investigate the effect of the process on the yield of phenol. Amount of dried Sargassum Sp was milled in a specific size and macerated in a flask containing ethanol. Process variables were particle size (60-100 mesh), extraction times (1-3 days) and ratio dried Sargassum Sp to Ethanol (1:2-1:4 gr/gr). The phenol compound was quantified using the gallic acid method. The DPPH method was performed to check the antioxidant activity. To investigate the effect of the process, the response surface method based on central composite design was applied in this work. This work informs the highest total phenol (131.5 mg/L) was gained at the condition of t=2 days, ratio Sargassum Sp to Ethanol of 1:1.7, and particle size of 80 mesh. This work also shows that among other variables, particle size is the most significant factor in this process. Yet, the antioxidant activity (IC50)of Sargassum Sp extract is 37.2 mg/g.