| dc.description.abstract | Diabetes mellitus is a disorder of hyperglycemia and
glucose intolerance due to insulin deficiency,
impaired of insulin receptor or both (Unwin et al.,
2009). There are generally two types of diabetes are
type 1 diabetes (pancreatic beta cell damage caused
absolute insulin deficiency) and type 2 (a
combination of a lack of insulin production and
secretion and sensitivity to insulin receptor) (Dipiro
et al, 2008).
Diabetes mellitus disease is increasing rapidly in
worlwide. The incidences in 2010 were about 285
million people and It has been estimated that by the
year 2025, the global incidence of diabetes would
increase to 350 million (International diabetes
federation, 2006).
In diabetes, activation of hepatic gluconeogenesis
enzymes can increase glucose production and thus
contribute to increase blood glucose which could
deteriorate diabetes (Sundaram et al., 2013). The
state of diabetes characterized by decreased insulin
sensitivity is the major cause of NAFLD (Non -
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease), because in diabetes
state occurs disorders of glucose metabolism and fat
so that could result in fibrosis, infiltration,
necroinflamation, to acute liver disease (Marchesini
et al., 2001).
Treatment of diabetes mellitus is chronic and long
life, causing undesirable side effects (Unwin et al.,
2009). Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent,
which belongs to the class known as the biguanides.
Metformin is now widely used as one of the
mainstays in the management of type 2 diabetes.
Metformin reduces fasting plasma glucose
concentration by reducing rate of hepatic glucose
production via gluconeogenesis and glycogenolysis.
Metformin improves glycemic control as
monotherapy and in combination with other oral
antidiabetic agents, such as sulfonylureas and
thiazolidinediones (Frendell et al. 2003). | en_US |
