| dc.description.abstract | Qu
ality
of
life
towards
tobac
co
farmer
is
constructed
by
four
domains
.
They
are
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
h
e
a
l
t
h
,
p
s
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
w
e
l
l
b
e
i
n
g
,
s
o
c
i
a
l
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
a
n
d
c
o
n
d
i
t
i
o
n
o
f
e
n
v
i
r
o
n
t
m
e
n
t
.
T
h
e
s
e
d
o
m
a
i
n
s
a
r
e
a
l
w
a
y
s
i
n
t
e
r
a
c
t
e
d
a
n
d
e
f
f
e
c
t
e
d
o
n
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
farmer’s
life
.
Jembe
r
regency
is
one
of
the
highest
producer
area
of
t
obacco
in
I
n
d
o
n
e
s
i
a
.
M
o
s
t
o
f
t
h
e
p
e
o
p
l
e
h
a
v
e
w
o
r
k
e
d
a
s
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
f
a
r
m
e
r
f
o
r
l
o
n
g
t
i
m
e
a
g
o
.
This
research
aims
to
describe
quality
of
life
of
tobac
co
farmers
in
W
ulu
han
Sub
D
i
s
t
r
i
c
t
,
J
e
m
b
e
r
R
e
g
e
n
c
y
.
T
h
i
s
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
w
a
s
a
p
p
l
i
e
d
b
y
q
u
a
n
t
i
t
a
t
i
v
e
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
m
e
t
h
o
d
s
,
d
e
s
c
r
i
p
t
i
v
e
d
e
s
i
g
n
e
d
a
n
d
c
r
o
s
s
s
e
c
t
i
o
n
a
l
a
p
p
r
o
a
c
h
e
d
.
T
h
e
p
o
p
u
l
a
t
i
o
n
o
f
this
research
was
all
of
t
obacco
farmers
in
W
uluh
an
Sub
District
.
T
he
numbers
of
s
a
m
p
l
e
s
o
f
t
h
i
s
r
e
s
e
a
r
c
h
w
e
r
e
9
7
f
a
r
m
e
r
s
.
T
h
e
d
a
t
a
w
e
r
e
c
o
l
l
e
c
t
e
d
b
y
u
s
i
n
g
questiona
i
rre
then
described
verbally,
mathematically
and
graphically
.
The
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
s
h
o
w
e
d
t
h
a
t
m
o
s
t
o
f
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
f
a
r
m
e
r
s
w
e
r
e
i
n
p
r
o
d
u
c
t
i
v
e
a
g
e
d
,
l
o
w
e
d
u
c
a
t
e
d
,
h
i
g
h
i
n
c
o
m
e
a
n
d
m
a
r
r
i
e
d
.
T
h
e
y
b
e
c
a
m
e
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
f
a
r
m
e
r
s
b
e
c
a
u
s
e
assumed
that
tobacco
w
ould
give
high
income.
had
tobacco
land
in
their
own,
p
l
a
n
t
e
d
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
i
n
n
s
e
l
a
i
n
a
r
r
o
w
l
a
n
d
a
n
d
m
a
d
e
c
o
o
p
e
r
a
t
i
o
n
w
i
t
h
c
i
g
a
r
e
t
t
e
industry.
Besuki
Na
Oogst
was
kind
of
tobacco
that
they
planted
widely
.
Beside
t
h
a
t
,
t
h
e
y
h
a
d
a
w
o
r
s
e
q
u
a
l
i
t
y
o
f
l
i
f
e
(
5
6
,
7
%
)
.
T
h
e
r
e
w
e
r
e
t
h
r
e
e
d
o
m
a
i
n
s
t
h
a
t
b
e
l
o
n
g
e
d
t
o
w
o
r
s
e
c
a
t
e
g
o
r
y
.
T
h
e
y
w
e
r
e
p
h
y
s
i
c
a
l
h
e
a
l
t
h
(
5
0
,
0
%
)
,
p
s
y
c
h
o
l
o
g
i
c
a
l
well
being
(
61,05%)
an
d
condition
of
environt
ment
(
53,6%
)
.
W
hereas,
socia
l
r
e
l
a
t
i
o
n
s
h
i
p
w
a
s
a
n
o
n
l
y
g
r
e
a
t
d
o
m
a
i
n
.
B
a
s
e
d
o
n
t
h
e
r
e
s
u
l
t
s
,
i
t
i
s
e
x
p
e
c
t
e
d
t
o
s
o
c
i
a
l
i
z
e
a
l
l
a
b
o
u
t
G
r
e
e
n
T
o
b
a
c
c
o
S
i
c
k
n
e
s
s
t
o
t
o
b
a
c
c
o
f
a
r
m
e
r
s
b
y
D
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
F
o
r
e
s
t
r
y
a
n
d
E
s
t
a
t
e
C
r
o
p
s
a
n
d
D
e
p
a
r
t
m
e
n
t
o
f
H
e
a
l
t
h
i
n
J
e
m
b
e
r
R
e
g
e
n
c
y
.
F
a
r
m
e
r
g
r
o
u
p
s
n
e
e
d
t
o
m
a
k
e
p
a
r
t
n
e
r
s
h
i
p
w
i
t
h
a
n
o
t
h
e
r
i
n
d
u
s
t
r
i
e
s
b
e
s
i
d
e
s
c
i
g
a
r
e
t
t
e
factories.
It
is
also
needed
promotion
about
another
se
asonally
a
lternativ
e
crops
that they are in
the
same cultivation periode
with
tobac
co
, like chili and me
lon. | en_US |
