OPTIMASI KOMPOSISI PROPILEN GLIKOL DAN GLISERIN SEBAGAI PENINGKAT PENETRASI DALAM SEDIAAN GEL PIROKSIKAM MENGGUNAKAN SIMPLEX LATTICE DESIGN

Abstract

Piroxicam is one of non steroid anti drug inflamatory (NSAID) with structure of oksikam. This drug commonly used for rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. For local symptomatic pain and inflammation relief, 0,5% piroxicam used topically as gel or cream dosage form with various excipients. The aim of this research was to study the profile of piroxicam release from sustained release gel with permeation enhancer. Piroxicam gel were prepared by using 2 permeation enhancer of propylene glycol and glycerine. The model formulation were prepared according to a simplex lattice design.In this study,three piroxicam gels were prepared using Carbopol as gelling agent with variation concentration of propylene glycol and glycerin. The concentration were 15% propylene glycol and 0% glycerine (F1), 0% propylene glycol and 15% glycerine (F2), 7,5% propylene glycol and 7,5% glycerin (F3). Viscosity, pH, and diffusion rate of drug were selected as dependent variabels. The responds were evaluated using simplex lattice design to get final optimized formulation. F1 had diffusion rate 0,2343 µg/cm 2 .menit, F2 had diffusion rate 0,1021 µg/cm 2 .menit and F3 had diffusion rate 0,4401 µg/cm 2 .menit. Drug diffusion rate testing was held for 8 hours using Franz Diffusion Cell at 37 o C±0,5 C. Propylene glycol and glycerine possibly infiltrates the outermost layer of the intercellular spaces of the stratum corneum and because most of the water accumulates within the corneocytes, it seems likely that propylene glycol and glycerine withdraws water from the cells due to its hygroscopic nature, causing skin hydration and thus enhances drug penetration. Addition of propylene and glycerine can improve condensation medicine from effect of cosolvent so that both the materials can improving diffusion.

Key word: Gel, piroxicam, propylene glycol, glycerine, simplex lattice design