Pengembangan E-modul IPA Berbasis ESD (Education for Sustainable Development) untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Berpikir Kritis Siswa SMP

Abstract

Critical thinking skills were important in addressing technological advancements, environmental issues, and economic challenges in the 4.0 era. In Indonesia, critical thinking skills remained relatively low due to a lack of teaching resources and limited instructional materials that included ESD (environmental, social, and economic) components. One proposed solution involved using interactive learning media, such as e-modules, integrated with ESD concepts. This approach aimed to enable students to critique topics and express their thoughts by providing comprehensive insights into global issues. The research aimed to determine the validity, practicality, and effectiveness of ESD-based science e modules in improving the critical thinking skills of junior high students. The research method used was R&D (research and development), applying the ADDIE development model, which consisted of five steps: analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The results of the research on the ESD-based science e-module showed a validity rating of 83.4%, a practicality rating of 90.2%, and an effectiveness rating in enhancing students' critical thinking skills, as evidenced by an N-gain test score of 0.65 and a questionnaire response rate of 88.6%. Based on these findings, it was concluded that the ESD-based science e module was valid, highly practical, and effective in improving the critical thinking skills of middle school students.