Komodifikasi Budaya Gelaran Ritual Ider bumi di Desa Kemiren Banyuwangi

Abstract

This study examines the phenomenon of shifting values in the Ider Bumi ritual in Kemiren Traditional Village, Banyuwangi Regency, through the lens of cultural commodification. As a village inhabited by the Osing Tribe, Kemiren has a sacred Ider Bumi tradition that functions as a village cleansing ritual (pagebluk) and an expression of gratitude. However, the designation of this area as a Traditional Tourism Village has consequences for the transformation of the ritual into a tourist attraction. The purpose of this study is to understand how the process of cultural commodification occurs in the performance of this ritual amidst globalization and regional economic demands. The research method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through field observations, in-depth interviews with traditional leaders and art activists, and documentation studies. Data analysis was conducted using Vincent Mosco's political economy theory which includes three main dimensions: commodification, spatialization, and structuration. The results show that the Ider Bumi ritual has undergone a transformation from spiritual use value to economic exchange value. The commodification of content is evident in the packaging of ritual elements (such as the addition of a stage and variations in dance) to make it more attractive to tourists. Audience commodification positions visitors as the primary economic subjects managed through the provision of supporting tourism facilities. Meanwhile, the commodification of labor involves the participation of generations of the Osing community, who adapt their roles to market demands. Despite the negotiation between sacred values and commercial needs, social solidarity and adherence to ritual timing (2 Shawwal) serve as a defense mechanism for the community in maintaining the authenticity of their cultural identity. This study concludes that the commodification of the Ider Bumi ritual represents a form of social flexibility in responding to the challenges of the times without completely abandoning its noble traditional roots