Pengembangan Modul IPA Berbasis STEM untuk Meningkatkan Keterampilan Pemecahan Masalah Bagi Siswa SMP

Abstract

Problem solving is a skill possessed by individuals or students which is based on their experience in finding solutions to problems that occur. Problem solving skills play an important role in science lessons, because problem solving activities will force students to discover learning concepts independently and can increase students' ability to apply the concepts they have learned to the real world. Facts on the ground state that problem solving skills are still relatively low, this is shown by the Program for International Student Assessment (PISA) evaluation in 2018 which stated that there was a decline in scientific achievement with a score of 396 and ranked 71st out of 79 countries. One aspect of the PISA 2018 assessment is measuring problem solving skills for students related to science. This research aims to evaluate the validity, usefulness and effectiveness of STEM-based science modules in improving junior high school students' problem solving skills in science learning. The research method used is Research and Development with the application of the ADDIE model which consists of five stages. Data collection is carried out through various techniques, including observation, interviews, questionnaires, tests, and documentation. The instruments used to collect data include validation sheets, learning implementation observation sheets, test sheets, and student response questionnaire sheets. The average validity score of the STEMbased science module reached 87%, indicating a good level of validity. Observations of learning implementation show that this module is very practical with an average score percentage reaching 90.09%. Evaluation of the effectiveness of the module through pretest and posttest using the N-gain formula produced a score of 0.56, indicating a fairly good level of success. Apart from that, student responses to this module were also very positive, with an average response percentage reaching 89.03%, indicating a very good response from students. Based on research findings, it can be concluded that the development of STEM-based science modules is considered to have a high level of validity, practicality and effectiveness in improving junior high school students' skills in solving problems in science learning.