Perbandingan Aktivitas Antibakteri Ekstrak Etanol Daun Awar-Awar (Ficus septica Burm. F) dengan Metode Maserasi dan Sokletasi terhadap Staphylococcus Epidermidis serta Pemanfaatannya sebagai Buku Ilmiah Populer

Abstract

Staphylococcus epidermidis is a gram-positive opportunistic bacterium that can cause sepsis in premature infants, bloodstream infections, nosocomial infections and acne which can be treated with antibiotics. Use has side effects, such as microbial resistance to organ damage and immunohypersensitivity. Therefore, alternative treatment efforts are needed to treat acne, such as using medicinal plants. Awar-awar (Ficus septica Burm. F) is a medicinal plant that has been used empirically by the community in treating various diseases, including bacterial infections. The antibacterial effect of awar-awar leaves is due to the presence of various active compounds. Choosing the right extraction method can increase the amount of active compounds that have the potential as antibacterials, thereby affecting the inhibition of a bacterium. The purpose of this study was to compare the antibacterial activity of awar-awar leaf extract with maceration and soxhletation methods against Staphylococcus epidermidis. The GC-MS results of the extract using the maceration method with a yield value of 10% showed a total content of primary metabolites of 63% and 37% of secondary metabolites, while extracts using the soxhletation method with a yield value of 21% showed a total content of primary metabolites of 27% and 64% of secondary metabolites. The mean inhibition zones of the ethanol extract of awar-awar leaf maceration method were 10% (2 mm), 20% (3.13 mm), 30% (4.5 mm) 40% (6.13 mm) and 50% (8 mm), while the extract by the soxhletation method were 10% (2.88 mm), 20% (3.50 mm), 30% (5 mm) 40% (7.5 mm) and 50 % (9.38 mm). The MIC value of awar-awar leaf extract, both by maceration and soxhletation methods, is a concentration of 5%. Based on the results of the study it can be concluded that the difference in the extraction method between maceration and soxhletation had an effect on the yield value and profile of secondary metabolites, but had no significant effect on the antibacterial activity produced by awar-awar leaves (Ficus septica Burm. F) against Staphylococcus epidermidis bacteria.