| dc.description.abstract | Toxocara canis and Toxocara cati are important zoonotic parasites of dogs and cats. The increasing use of medicinal
plants as anti-parasitic agents are attributed to their advantages such as less side effects, with lower risk of anthelmintic
resistance, and a cheaper alternative. Although there are still no reports on anthelmintic resistance in Toxocara spp, the
tendency of it happening should always be anticipated. This review summarized the in vitro and in vivo studies of the
anti-Toxocara activity of plants, to enumerate the different plant extracts and the isolated active compounds in relation
to their activites. In vitro studies were primarily done in Toxocara larvae, mostly second-stage larvae, while in vivo
studies were performed in animals mainly to assess the effect of the plant extracts on larval migratory behavior. Among
the all plants described in this review, family Asteraceae were the most investigated for their anthelmintic activities
against Toxocara species. The isolated active compounds with promising results were pyrethrin, kaurenes, palasonin,
certain piperamides and curcuminoids, asarone, ascaridole, quercetin, thymohydroquinone (TQ), and other secondary
metabolites like flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, and glycosides. However, the mechanism of action of each
active ingredient of the plant as an anti-toxocara requires further research. | en_US |
