Seleksi Dan Karakterisasi Pertumbuhan Cendawan Tanah Penghasil Enzim Protease Asal Rhizosfer PADI DI Tarakan – Kalimantan Utara

Abstract

Soil fungi play an essential role in the sustainable agriculture system. Their ability to produce various metabolite compounds makes them as one of the potential biological control agents against plant pathogens. One of the fungi secondary metabolites that are anti-pathogenic is the extracellular protease enzyme. This enzyme can degrade the cell wall of pathogenic fungi, nematodes, and nematode eggs. Soil samples were taken from 5 sampling points on farmers' paddy fields in Mamburungan Village, Tarakan City, North Kalimantan. Fungi isolation was conducted using potato dextrose agar (PDA) at 37 °C at the Plant Protection Laboratory, University of Borneo Tarakan. Their macroscopic shape visually characterizes isolated fungi. The proteolytic activity test was carried out using a PDA media supplemented with skim milk. All fungi that grow then characterized by their growth speed for 11 days. The results showed that seven fungi isolates were successfully isolated, and 3 (48.85%) were able to produce protease enzymes. Isolates that can produce protease enzymes are isolates C5, C6, and C7. Furthermore, based on its growth character, the seven isolates obtained showed mixed responses. On the 11th day, the highest growth was shown by isolates C1, C2, C5, and C6 with a diameter of 8.5 cm. The slowest growth was shown by C7 isolate with a diameter of 2.53 cm. This study provides information that there are proteolytic fungi from the rice rhizosphere at the study site with diverse growth characters.