The Endophytic Bacteria Isolation as Biological Control Agent of Pratylenchus Coffeae

Abstract

Pratylenchus coffeae is the most common nematode and it can endanger the coffee plant. Endophytic bacteria is the ideal candidate for nematode control because of live inside plant without harming the host plant. Isolation of endophytic bacteria from three locations, namely Arabica coffee plantation infected by P. coffeae, arabica coffee plantation infected by Radopholus similis and Robusta coffee infected by P. coffeae was done with technical surface sterilization. The potential of bacterial isolates was determined by the number of nematodes that penetratedto the roots of aged-3-months seedlings arabica. Molecular identification and proteolytic activity testing was done to an isolate that has the ability to suppress the penetration of nematodes. Twenty pure endophytic bacteria isolates were obtained by the isolation process. All endophytic bacteria isolates significantly reduced the nematodes that penetrated the roots. Isolates from Arabica coffee could suppress nematode penetration up to 91.56 % while isolate from robusta coffee only pressed nematode penetration of 54.5%. From molecular identification of three isolates that suppress the penetration of the highest nematode showed that the isolate is Bacillus subtilis strain NCIB 3610 and Antrachis bacillus strain ATCC 14578. The three isolates showed proteolytic activity. It is can be concluded that endophytic bacteria are potential in controlling P. coffeae especially 3 isolates from Arabica coffee root.