Efek extrak delima ( Punica Granatum L) terhadap ekspresi wild p53 pada sel ganas rongga mulut mencit strain swiss webster

Abstract

Background: Squamous cell carcinoma is a cancer which often occurs in the oral cavity. Microscopic description; squamous epithelial cell proliferation, cell-cell atypia, abnormal keratin formation, irregular cell structure, change the shape of the rete peg processu. DNA examination showed that nearly 90 % of cases found the presence of wild p53 gene mutation. wild p53 gene mutation leads to inactivation of p53 wild so it does not stop the cell cycle at G1 phase but it continues. Cancer treatment are still many failures, very expensive, so that requiring treatment alternatives which are cheaper and prospective, such as; the pomegranate (PGL) is one of them. Ellagic acid (EA) of single compounds active ingredients from whole pomegranate fruit extract (PGL) which has activity as in vitro anticancer but EA activity and concentrations in the low plasma, low solubility in the water, the metabolism of ellagic acid (EA) is not soluble in the intestinal tract. This fact prompted researcher to compare with PGL. Purpose: The purpose of this study to compare between EA with PGL in increasing the expression of p53 wild. Methods: The method used is an experimental research laboratories, 32 mice (Balb/c), male, age 5 months were randomly divided into 4 groups: 2 groups of controls (K0: benzopirene not exposed and untreated; K1: exposed benzopirene and not given treatment); the 2 treatment groups (P1: exposed benzopirene and EA; P2: exposed benzopirene and PGL). Examination using immunohistochemical techniques. Results: The results showed that administration of PGL can increase the expression of p53 wild- higher than EA in malignant epithelial cells in the oral mucosa of mice. Conclusion: Conclusion of this study is the PGL can kill malignant cells in the oral cavity of mice by increasing the expression of p53 wild over higher than EA.