The Analysis of Code Switching Occurrences in the Indonesian's Novel of "Malam Kuala Lumpur" by Nasjah Djamin

Abstract

This research was descriptive qualitative design on the functional analysis of conversation of Djamin's "Malam Kuala Lumpur" by using code switching theory. It was intended to analyze what types of code switching was being applied based on Blom and Gumperz's theory and what functions of code switching based on Gumperz's theory. The data analysis were selected by employing purposive sampling since the number of population were more than 100 utterances. In addition, the numbers of the data in this research were 16 utterances or 10 % of the total population of 168 utterances. The data were collected by document analysis technique. They were taken purposively from several chapters of each part in the novel. The data were analyzed qualitatively by employing Blom and Gumperz's theory of the types of code switching and Gumperz's theory of the functions of code switching. The result of data analysis showed that the types of code switching concisted in various froms that were identified in the Indonesian novel "Malam Kuala Lumpur" written by Nasjah Djamin. the situational code switching which was one of the types of code switching were identified in 8 utterances that were in 1J1, U3,114, U6, U9, U10, U14, and U15 while the 8 left were U2, 115, 117, 118, U I I, U12, 1113, and 1116 were identified as metaphorical code switching. Furthermore, the functions of code switching were identified in the above 16 utterances. One utterance, which was U13, was identified as quotation. Two utterances, Ul and U3 were identified as addressee specification. Two utterances, U2 and U9 were identified as interjection. Four utterances, U7, U8, U11, and U12 were identified as reiteration objectivization. This research indicated all the types and all the functions of code switching in line with Blom and Gumperz' theory and Gumpcrz's theory had been identified in the Indonesian novel "Malam Kuala Lumpur" written by Nasjah Djamin.