The Formulation Robusta Coffee Bark Jember Indonesia for Charcoal Briquettes as Alternative Energy : The Comparison Organic Starch Adhesive and Anorganic Adhesive

Abstract

The Robusta coffee plantation were founded from Silo Jember district Indonesia. One of the solid waste coffee plantation is coffee bark. The objective of this study is to find the formulation of Robusta coffee bark Jember for charcoal briquette as alternative energy. The formulation of charcoal robusta coffee bark were comparisson within organic starch adhesive and anorganic adhesive. The formulation were analyzed in physical and chemical quality base on SNI Number. 01-6235-2000. the solid waste coffee plantation were collected from smallholders coffee plantation on Silo Jember. The first step were drying the solid waste coffee bark in the sun almost 2 days till dried. Then, the dried coffee bark were using pod waste pyrolysis in reactor with a temperature of 400 C until became charcoal. Organic starch adhesive were making by mixing the the 6 gram starch and 60 milliliter water (ratio 1:10), and then mixing down with 60 gram charcoa (formula 1). Formula 2 were mixing the 60 gram charcoal, organic starch adhesive and added 3 gram anorganic adhesive. The briquettes were formed into tube with diameter 6 cm and the thickness 4 cm. The result showed that using organic starch adhesive were more fragile, harder to light the fire first but dried faster than using anorganic adhesive. The chemical analysis on the formula 1 (briquette with organic starch adhesive) and formula 2 (briquette with anorganic adhesive) showed that moisture were 9,87% ; 7,7 %, volatil matter were 5,87%; 4,2 %, the Ash content were 8,01 % ; 5,03 %, the caloric value were 4870 cal/gr; 7233 cal/ gr and the fixed carbon were 65%; 81%. The formula 2 showed the better quality than formula 1.