The Hazard of Change Landscape and Hydrogeology Zone South Karst Mountain Impact Natural and Human Activity in Region Jember

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to determine the hazard of landscape change and hydrogeology in the karst region of the southern mountains of Jember Regency due to natural processes and human activities. The method used in this study used inductively on karst areas of the southern mountains. This method is used to determine the nature of diffuse, fissure, and conduit flow. In addition, hydrograph flow is used to determine the conditions of water release and karst squamous conditions with parameters related to natural changes and human activities. The hydrochemical properties and flow properties are used to characterize karst aquifer conditions in the southern mountains of Jember region. The results showed that landscape and hydrogeological changes in the karst area experienced rapid dissolution. Throughout the year the flow conditions of karst hydrology in the Jember area were dominated by diffuse and conducit types, so that fissure conditions never occurred. In addition, the hydrochemical conditions in the karst area did not experience sharp fluctuations between the base flow and DHL regarding dissolution in karst hydrology. The dominance of human activities includes traditional mining and the establishment of puger cement factories in the southern Karst mountain zone, which affects natural and hydrogeological changes naturally as a result of the opening of karst land for industrial raw materials.