Methanolic Extract of Red Betel Leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav) Perform Cytotoxic Effect and Antimigration Activity toward Metastatic Breast Cancer

Abstract

Breast cancer is one type of cancer with a high mortality rate due to its metastatic property. Red betel leaves (Piper crocatum Ruiz dan Pav) has been known as herbal medicine containing biophenolic, such as apigenin and luteolin derivatives which has cytotoxic activity toward cancer cells. This study is intended to explore the inhibitory effect of Piper crocatum leaves methanolic extract (PCM) on cell proliferation and migration by using 4T1 cells as model of metastatic breast cancer. By using MTT assay, PCM performed cytotoxic activity in a dose dependent manner with IC 50 value of 120 μg/mL. Wound healing assay revealed that migration inhibitory activity of PCM on 4T1 cells at the concentration of 30 µg/mL. In conclusion, PCM perform cytotoxic effect and antimigration activity toward metastatic breast cancer cells.