Direct and indirect selection of plant maturity component of some soybean genotypes resistant to leaf rust disease

Abstract

The increase of soybean production can be done by using superior variety which is resistant to diseases, highly productive and short-aged. The objectives of the research are to know the soybean genotype which is short-aged and to know the agronomic traits which greatly affect maturity age. The agronomic traits cover blooming age, plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant, number of fertile nodes and weight of 100 seeds. This experiment was conducted on Experimental Field of Jember State Polytechnic. The experiment used RCBD (Randomized Complete Block Design) with 3 replications. Each replication consisted of 4 varieties (Dering, Rajabasa, Polije-2, Polije-3), 7 hybridization results (P2P3, P3R, P3D, P3P2, RD, P2R, P2D) with 2 comparers (Malabar and Ringgit). If there were different real results, further Scott-Knott test would be done. It will be continued by doing genotypic correlation analysis and path analysis to know the direct and indirect relationship among the agronomic traits on maturity age of the soybean pods. The result of further Scott-Knott test showed that short-aged characteristic was owned by Rajabasa and it was different unreal to Polije-2, Polije-2 x Rajabasa genotypes hybridization, Polije-2 x Dering, Polije-3 x Rajabasa, Polije-3 x Polije-2, and also the short-aged comparer of Malabar, they were 79.67 dap, 87.33 dap, 86 dap, 86 dap, 86 dap, 84.33 dap, and 83.67 dap. The result of path analysis showed that agronomic trait which could be used as the maturity age of pods selection criterion was the number of fertilenodes direct influence through the plant height and number of pods indirect influence.