NFATc1 and RUNX2 Expression on Orthodontic Tooth Movement Post Robusta Coffee Extract Administration

Abstract

This study aimed at analyzing the expression of NFATc1 and RUNX2 on orthodontic tooth movement post administration of Robusta coffee extract. A number of 14 wistar rats were divided into 2 groups, i.e. control group (C): rats applied with orthodontic mechanical force (OMF) and Treatment group (T): rats with OMF and Robusta coffee extract 20mg/100g BW. OMF for rats was applied by a ligature wire with a diameter of 0.20 mm on the maxillary right first molar and both maxillary incisors. Subsequently, the maxillary right first molar was moved to mesial using Niti closed coil spring. Observations were performed on day 15 with immunohistochemical examination to determine the expression of NFATc1 and RUNX2. Robusta coffee extract increased NFATc1 and RUNX2 expression in compression and tension areas (p <0,05). The expression of NFATc1 in the compression area was greater than that in the tension area (p <0.05), whereas RUNX2 expression in the tension area was greater than that in the compression area (p <0.05). Robusta coffee extract enhances the expression of NFATc1 and RUNX2 on orthodontic tooth movement, thus it can be used as an alternative to accelerate orthodontic treatment.