Immunogenic Protein from Salivary Gland of Aedes aegypti Against to Human Sera

Abstract

Dengue Haemorraghic Fever (DHF) is an acute Flavivirus infection transmitted by several species of Aedes mosquitoes with Aedes aegypti as the main vector. During blood feeding, arthropod vectors inject saliva into vertebrate hosts. The saliva is biochemically complex, pharmacologically active and plays an important role in pathogen transmission. The objective of this research is to identify immunogenic salivary gland proteins of Ae. aegypti against human blood sera of people living in endemic area. Protein profile from Salivary Glands (SG) of Ae. aegypti was observed by 12% SDS-PAGE from lab. scale cultures and from landing populations. Identification of immunogenic proteins from both sample was carried out by using Western Blot Analysis after cross reaction of Salivary Gland Extract (SGE) with 3 different human sera: from DHF patients, healthy persons who were exposed to Ae. aegypti and healthy person who were likely not exposed. Sera from healthy people from non endemic areas and from infants were used as negative controls. Over all, the protein profiles from lab. scale cultures SGE and landing populations were quite similar. We found 13 protein bands were identified ranging from 26 kDa up to 255 kDa. We predicted that 255, 56, 31, 27 and 26 kDa are target protein, which is two of immunogenic proteins were able to cross-react with human sera from people living in endemic area on 31 and 56 kDa. These bands appeared only in samples from humans who were previously exposed to mosquitoes bites, and not in humans who had not been exposed. These immunogenic salivary proteins may serve as human immune response against Ae. aegypti bites. This result indicated that may the 31 and 56kDa protein has function as transmitted pathogens.