Model Manajemen Epidemiologi Hipertensi Berbasis Komunitas Pesisir

Abstract

Hypertension remains a major public health challenge globally, with coastal communities facing unique vulnerabilities due to limited health infrastructure, low health literacy, and socioeconomic constraints. This study aims to develop a communitybased epidemiological management model for hypertension in coastal areas by analyzing the structural relationships among sociodemographic factors, risk behaviors, hypertension history, and healthcare access. Using a cross-sectional design, data were collected from 128 coastal residents in Puger Subdistrict, Jember, Indonesia. The study applied Partial Least Squares–Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) to explore causal pathways. The findings reveal that gender and education significantly influence risk behaviors, which in turn affect blood pressure grades and hypertension management. Despite a high prevalence of uncontrolled blood pressure, awareness and health-seeking behavior remain low. The structural model highlights the importance of behaviorally focused interventions targeting highrisk groups, particularly males and individuals with low education levels. The study underscores the need for community-based strategies that integrate risk-based management, health education, and culturally sensitive follow-up systems. This model offers a practical and contextual approach to strengthening hypertension control in underserved coastal populations.