The effect of robusta coffee BP 42 extraction on vascularization And collagen levels in second-degree burn injury: An Experimental study

Abstract

The improper treatment of burn wounds can hinder the formation of new blood vessels and the proliferation of fibroblasts in producing collagen. Therefore, the use of modern dressings, such as topical gel-based preparations containing active ingredients to accelerate the wound entering the proliferation phase, is crucial. This study aims to demonstrate the effect of Robusta Coffee Extract BP 42 on the number of new blood vessels and collagen production in second-degree burn wounds. This experimental study used 21 Long Evans rats as test subjects with a burn model. Second-degree burns were created by applying a 2x2.5 cm piece of hot metal to their backs. The rats were divided into three groups: a negative control group treated with a gel base, a positive control group treated with silver sulfadiazine, and a treatment group treated with a 2.5% Robusta Coffee Extract BP 42 gel. The data obtained were analysed using ANOVA to examine the effect of treatment on blood vessels and collagen thickness. Correlation analysis was used to investigate the relationship between the growth of new blood vessels and collagen production during the proliferation phase. The research results showed that there was an effect of increased collagen thickness on days 8 and 14 and an increase in the number of blood vessels on day 14 compared to the negative control group, with a pvalue <0.05 after the application of the Robusta Coffee Extract BP 42 gel. The regression test results showed an influence of angiogenesis on collagen thickness on days 8 and 14, respectively, of 54.6% and 4.8%. These results demonstrate that the active ingredients in the Robusta Coffee Extract, which act as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antibacterial agents, can enhance the regulation of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). This key factor stimulates angiogenesis and increases the proliferation of fibroblasts in producing collagen. These results also show that the formation of new blood vessels and collagen production occur simultaneously when the wound enters the proliferation phase, thereby allowing the wound to heal quickly.