Prevalensi Buta Warna Siswa Sekolah Menengah atas (Sma) di Kota Malang

Abstract

Color blindness is a visual impairment caused by the cone cells of the eye not being able to perceive a certain color spectrum. This inability is passed on genetically from parents to children. The gene for color blindness is linked by an X-linked recessive chromosome which has a cross inheritance pattern (Criss Cross Inheritance). One type of partial color blindness is red-green color blindness. Red-green color blindness is divided into protans and deutans. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence value of color blindness in high school students in Malang City. This research was conducted in five high schools in Malang City and took a sample of 254 students. Color blind test on students using Ishihara's 24 plate book. The analysis was conducted to determine the prevalence of color blindness, allele frequencies and patterns of inheritance of color blindness in proband families with color blindness. The results of the study showed that the prevalence of color blindness in students in Malang was 3.54%, with all male patients having a prevalence of 7.89%. Protan color blind sufferers are 1.18% and deutan color blind sufferers are 2.36%. The allele frequency is 0.02673 and the normal allele is 0.9737. The results of the diagnosis of the pedigree diagram in families with color blindness show that the color blind gene in the probandus was obtained from the mother with a cross inheritance pattern (Criss-Cross Inheritance).