Pengaruh Suhu terhadap Derajat Deasetilasi Kitosan Sebagai Film Kitosan-PANI dan Responnya terhadap Gas Amonia

Abstract

Research on the production of chitosan was conducted using shrimp waste as the main source of chitin. The synthesis of chitosan from shrimp waste involves several separation stages, including deproteination, demineralization, and deacetylation. The deproteination process utilizes enzymes found in shrimp waste making it a more environmentally friendly method that requires fewer chemicals. This study focused on synthesizing chitosan from chitin using the autolysis deproteination method and examining the impact of temperature on the degree of chitosan deacetylation. Additionally, the research aimed to apply chitosan with the optimal degree of deacetylation as a pH-sensitive film. The autolysis deproteination process involves soaking the shrimp waste in a sulfuric acid solution and maintaining it at a pH of 2-3 for 10 days. The demineralization process entails soaking the deproteinized solid in an HCl solution and maintaining it at a pH of 0-1 for 24 hours. The deacetylation process was conducted at varying temperatures of 60, 90, and 120°C. The synthesized chitosan was characterized by determining the degree of deacetylation using FTIR spectroscopy testing. The results showed that higher deacetylation temperatures led to increased degrees of chitosan deacetylation. The highest degree of deacetylation was achieved at a treatment temperature of 120 °C, while the highest yield was produced at a temperature of 90°C. The chitosan obtained from the highest degree of deacetylation was then coated with polyaniline (PANI) to create a chitosan-PANI film, which can be used as a pHsensitive film. This was demonstrated by the color change response of the film during a test with ammonia gas.