Depth of Porosity of Glass Ionomer Cement with the Addition of Nano-Sized Gourami Scale Powder

Abstract

Glass ionomer cement (GIC) contains higher porosity than other restorative materials. Porosity can cause the GIC surface to become rough and reduce the material's mechanical properties. Gourami fish scales powder (GFSP) contains hydroxyapatite, which can potentially reduce the porosity of GIC. This research aimed to analyze the porosity depth of conventional GIC by adding 1.5%, 2.5%, and 3.5% GFSP nanoparticles (nGFSP). Materials and Methods: This type of research is an experimental laboratory with a post-test-only control group design. Twelve samples were disc-shaped diameter of 5 mm and a height of 2 mm which were divided into four groups: G0:GIC, G1: GIC+1,5% nGFSP, G2: GIC +2,5% nGFSP, and G3: GIC+3,5% nGFSP). Samples were cut into two parts and observed by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM). The results were analyzed by One Way ANOVA and Least Significant Difference (α = 0,05). Result: The average value of the porosity depth from the highest to the lowest is G0, G1, G2, G3. There was a significant difference between all sample groups (p = 0.000). Conclusion: The addition of nanoparticles GFSP reduced the porosity depth of conventional GIC; the addition of 3.5% nanoparticles GFSP showed the shallowest porosity depth.