The Differences in Toxicity of Pletekan Leaf Extracts (Ruellia tuberosa L.) and Lime (Citrus auraiflia) on Mortality of Culex sp. Mosquito Larvae

Abstract

Mosquitoes Culex sp. is the main vector of filariasis. Population control using chemical larvicides continuously can cause resistance. The leaves of the pletekan plant (Ruellia tuberosa L.) and lime fruit (Citrus aurantifolia) have the potential as natural larvicides. This study aims to determine the differences in high toxicity (LC50) of pletekan leaf extract and lime fruit on the mortality of Culex sp. mosquito larvae with an exposure time of 24 hours. Pletekan leaf extract and lime fruit were extracted by maceration using 97% ethanol. The LC50 can use probit analysis with SPSS applications. The results showed that pletekan leaves were toxic to Culex sp. mosquito larvae with an LC50 value of 710.169 ppm with the lowest concentration of 615.231 ppm and the highest concentration of 796.157 ppm. The LC50 value of lime fruit extract was 1026.749 ppm, with a lower limit of 846.406 ppm and an upper limit of 1294.531 ppm.