Nutraceuticals and bioactive properties of local Java pigmented rice

Abstract

Pradipta S, Siswoyo TA, Ubaidillah M. 2023. Nutraceuticals and bioactive properties of local Java pigmented rice. Biodiversitas 24: 571-582. Pigmented rice is used in nutraceuticals and has health benefits, on the other side, the characterization of local pigmented rice has not been widely observed. This research aimed to determine the nutraceutical and bioactive properties of ten pigmented Indonesian rice varieties (Segreg, Merah SP, Gogo Niti II, Mansur. Merah Wangi, MS Pendek, Super Manggis, Lamongan I, Aek Sibundong, and Seksek). The proximate composition of pigmented rice was performed based on standard methods. The antioxidant activity was carried out using DPPH radical scavenging activity. Morphological characteristics of these pigmented rice were the weight of 1000 grains ranges 17.47-23.10 g, with slender, medium, and bold shape categories. The proximate analysis revealed a significant difference (p<0.05) among cultivars, excluding the lipid. Amylose content varied between 17.43-25.71%. The lowest amylose cultivar had a high peak, trough, and final viscosities but a low pasting temperature. The gelatinization enthalpy was 0.83-1.93 J/g, and the thermal properties of the onset were between 78.6-83.60ºC. The peak was 81.90-86.20ºC, and the conclusion temperature was between 86.00-89.80ºC. The functional properties of the water absorption index were 5.1-7.42 g/g. The water solubility index was 2.32-7.32%, the oil absorption index was 0.92-1.67 g/g, and the bulk density was 0.56-0.70 g/cm3. The total phenolic range was 2.69-9.51 mg GAE/g, and flavonoids were between 0.61-2.31 mg QE/g. Antioxidant activity has been positively correlated with the percentage of flavonoids in phenolics.