Keragaman Fisikokimia Beberapa Populasi Tanaman Garut (Maranta arundinaceus L.) di Kabupaten Jember

Abstract

Arrowroot (Maranta arundinacea L.) is a perennial plant whose tubers are used as an alternative source of food, feed, and industrial raw materials. Arrowroot in Jember Regency is still a wild plant. This research aims to determine the physicochemical variability of arrowroot from several sub-districts in Jember Regency. The physicochemical variables observed included water content, sucrose, dissolved protein, antioxidants, flavonoids, phenolics, reducing sugars, and carbohydrates. The data obtained were analyzed for correlation and biplot. The correlation results show that the higher the water content the lower the sucrose content in arrowroot tubers (r=- 0.480), as well as the content of dissolved protein (r=-0.515) and reducing sugar (r=- 0.698). The higher the sucrose content in arrowroot tubers, the higher the dissolved protein content (r=0.515), phenolics (r=0.513) and reducing sugar(r=0.657). Based on the results of the biplot analysis, the total physicochemical diversity of arrowroot in Jember Regency was 58.6%. The flavonoid content has a narrow variability value compared to other variables. Arrowroot tubers obtained from the Wuluhan district (Tanjangrejo and Glundengan villages) had the characteristics of low reducing sugar and soluble protein content, while arrowroot tubers from the Sumbersari district (Kranjingan village) was highest of antioxsidance and carbohydrate content.