IgG Immune Response against Salivary Gland Protein Extract of Dengue Vector Aedes aegypti

Abstract

The implication of Aedes aegypti (Ae. aegypti) salivary components on the host immune system remains a crucial factor to be revealed for evaluating the risk of dengue infection. The salivary gland of mosquitoes has been known to contain several biological components that facilitate blood-feeding and contribute to successful pathogens transmission. These processes are mediated by the antigenic and immunogenic molecules inside the salivary cocktails. During the blood-feeding, mosquitoes injected the saliva and hosts will develop immune responses as a counter-attack against salivary components. Several studies showed that the evaluation of antibody responses towards arthropod-vector saliva could be a biological indicator to estimate the vector’s exposure. Sensitisation of Ae. aegypti Salivary Gland Protein Extract (SGPE) were used to clarify mosquito feeding’s implication to host humoral immune response (IgG). Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) was used to analyse IgG quantitatively from sera sample of the murine model, i.e. BALB mice. Results showed that elevated IgG levels were in accordance with the increasing concentration of SGPE as well as longer time of exposure. This result indicated that mice immune response had been modulated by Ae. aegyptisalivary components. Therefore, we could assess Ae. aegypti salivates exposure by analysing IgG quantitatively as potential biomarkers for vector bites.