The Effect of Giving Wungu Leaves Extract (Graptophyllum pictum L. Griff) on the Decrease in the Number of Osteoclasts in the Post Extraction Socket of Wistar Rats

Abstract

In the process of wound healing after tooth extraction, there was resorption of damaged alveolar bone by osteoclasts so that new bone formation could occur. When the resorption process has ended, the activity of osteoclasts needs to be inhibited so that excessive bone resorption did not occur so that it could restore the function of the alveolar bone in supporting the teeth and protecting important structures in the bone. Wungu (purple) leaves extract (Graptophyllum pictum (L). Griff) was known to have the main content of flavonoids, tannins, alkaloids, and saponins which have anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. These compounds could inhibit the formation of osteoclasts and improve the healing process of the socket. This type of research was experimental laboratory with a research group consisting of 6 groups, namely 3 control groups given aqua solution and 3 treatment groups given 10% wungu leaves extract. Each group was divided into observation groups on the 7th, 14th, and 21st days. The rats were then decapitated and the left lower jaw was taken for preparation then stained using Hematoxylin-Eosin followed by observation of the preparations in 3 fields of view. The data for calculating the number of osteoclasts were tested by using one way ANOVA test and LSD test and there were significant differences between groups. The content in wungu leaves extract had a synergistic effect on reducing the number of post-tooth osteoclasts by blocking the RANK and RANKL bond so that new bone formation could occur immediately.