Assessment of Land Use and Land Cover Change from 2000 to 2019 in East Java Indonesia

Abstract

This study aims to analyse land use, and land cover (LULC) changes in East Java province in Indonesia. The changes are analysed by comparing two maps (the national digital map and the map interpreted from Landsat-8). Supervised classification of Landsat image using maximum likelihood algorithm done an overall and kappa accuracy of 96.62% and 96.02 %, respectively. The classification produces nine (9) classes, i.e.: (1) the pavement or urban area, (2) heterogeneous agricultural land, (3) paddy field, (4) open water, (5) dense vegetation (forest), (6) sparse vegetation (plantation), (7) shrubland, (8) Wetlands, and (9) Sandy-clay-rock. Furthermore, three subsets areas are explored to study the LULC changes caused by the development of the transportation infrastructure; industrial sites; the agricultural sector; tourism; urbanisation and sub-urbanisation. The LULC change is more marked in the most urbanised areas (in and around the big cities), followed by LULC change in and around medium cities and rural areas. Regional development during the last two decades has increased built-up and plantation areas. Conversely, the development has reduced paddy fields, rural areas, and water bodies. The LULC changes have significantly changed the natural to a human-dominated landscape.