An Overview Of Landscapes And Stratigraphy In Tertiary And Quaternary Volcanic Regions Of East Java Indonesia

Abstract

The research aims to analyze the aspects of geology, geomorphology, and hydrology as well as knowing the effects on socio-economic societies in each landforms. The research method used is a survey with the aim of finding evidence of landform deformation. The survey method is a method that directly reviews the existence of a phenomenon. The results showed that geological and geomorphological processes affected the condition of the land, and the condition of the land affected the hydrological conditions of a region, and affected the socio-economic conditions of the people in the area. Each landforms has its own characteristics, namely in the Puger area there is karst land, deposition due to ocean waves and aaeolian deposits, for Lumajang areas in the volcanic deposition area there is old volcanic land, both locations are located in the same zone namely southern mountain zone dominated by Mandalika formations. In the volcanic region of Mount Bromo, which is young volcanic land that has an age around the time of the Holocene or about tens of thousands of years ago with the main rock which is dominant in the middle region consisting of tuff, in the northern part of Besuki areas there are marine sediments composed of alluvium material. Stratigraphically the eastern Java region in the southern part of the southern mountain zone is older compared to other zones. Hydrologically the area in the southern mountain zone is prone to drought compared to other zones because it is composed of old volcanic rocks that have been consolidated. The actions that can be taken to conserve land need to be encouraged by the community and companies to contribute in maintaining and preserving the ecosystem while looking for economic opportunities