Smallholder Coffee Processing Design using Wet Technology Based on Clean Production

Abstract

Wet processing for red coffee berry is intended to improve smallholder coffee quality despite produce wastewater that can pollute the environment. In order to minimize and prevent wastewater generated from processing, then it should be designed coffee processing based on water minimization as part of clean production. The purpose of this study is to design smallholder coffee processing using wet method based on clean production that can provide added value and environmental friendly. This study use experimental approach through water minimization design and wastewater treatment alternatives. Alternative use of biodiesel also analyzed as a preliminary study. The results showed water minimization in wet processing could improve coffee quality. Minimum water volume for coffee pulping and washing are 0.73 – 0.78 and 2.25 – 2.56 m

3 .tonne -1 coffee berry, respectively. Highly concentration of coffee wastewater caused by water minimization strategy is a great potential to produce biogas as alternative fuel sources. Wastewater treatment alternatives which can be applied are neutralization, anaerobic, coagulation flocculation, filtration and sedimentation. There are also added-value byproducts generated from coffee processing such as biogas, irrigation water, compost, organic fertilizer, animal feed and briquettes. Biodiesel use in coffee processing increase the efficiency of energy consumption and reduce carbon emissions impact.