The Effect of Glycerin as Penetration Enhancer in a Ketoprofen Solid Preparation–Patch on In Vitro Penetration Study through Rat Skin

Abstract

Context: The side effect of Ketoprofen in oral administration is gastrointestinal disorders and kidney failure. The transdermal route can solve this problem, and need penetration enhancer to increase the penetration into the skin. Aims: The aims of this study were to determine the effect of glycerin on the penetration of a ketoprofen patch. Settings and Design: Four formulas of solid ketoprofen–patch preparation with different amounts of glycerin as a penetration enhancer are tested statistically to observe the difference of rat skin penetration. Methods and Material: Ketoprofen make to be a solid dispersion, then evaluated of homogeneity and FTIR. Solid dispersion make to be a patch, then evaluated of organoleptic, weight homogeneity, thickness, folding endurance, assay, pH, moisture content, FTIR, a rate of in vitro penetration, and one–way ANOVA analysis. Statistical analysis used: One Way ANOVA Analysis. Results: Glycerin can increase the flux of ketoprofen patch and has different significant in a test with one-way ANOVA analysis. Conclusions: From this research can be concluded that the addition of glycerin in the formula patch can increase the rate of penetration of ketoprofen patch is described by the value of flux. The higher concentration of glycerin in the patch can increase the value of flux produced. Mechanism of glycerin as penetration enhancers by increasing the solubility of active ingredients and hydrate the stratum corneum. Glycerin also increases the value of patches for hygroscopic moisture.