Pengaruh Induksi Beras Hitam (Oryza sativa L.) Varietas Jeliteng Menggunakan Bio-catharanthine terhadap Pertumbuhan dan Aktivitas Antioksidannya

Abstract

People nowadays consume foods rich in antioxidants to reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease caused by free radicals. One such antioxidant-rich food is black rice. However, black rice currently has low production due to its long harvest period. To addres this, polyploidy induction in black rice was attemped using bio-catharanthine. The purpose of this study was to determine the growth, development, and antioxidant activity of black rice after polyploidy induction with bio-catharanthine, and to evaluate the effectiveness of bio-catharanthine in inducing polyploidy. The research was conducted from August 2023 to May 2024 at the University of Jember. Seeds were soaked in bio-catharanthine solution at concentration of 1%, 5%, and 10% for 12 and 24 hours. Following this, the seeds were germinated, and the germination rate was calculated. The germinated seeds were then grown hydroponically. Growth and development were monitored for four weeks, measuring parameters such as plant height, number of leaves, stomatal length and width, and stomatal density. Additionally, antioxidant activity was analyzed using the DPPH method. The collected data were statistically analyzed using Rstudio and visualized using ggplot2 and linear regression graphs. The results indicated that bio-catharanthine influenced seed germination percentage and growth rate, while it did not affect the number of leaves. The stomatal length and width increased with bio-catharanthine treatment compared to the control, whereas stomatal density decreased. The antioxidant activity varied weekly between the induction treatment and control groups. In conclusion, the bio-catharanthine treatments in this study effectively improve the morphological characterstics of black rice