Pengaruh Penambahan Jagung pada Konsumsi Kopi Robusta terhadap Kualitas Tidur Mahasiswa Kedokteran Universitas Jember

Abstract

Coffee has become a popular beverage worldwide. People consume coffee for its unique flavor and the stimulant effects of caffeine, such as reducing fatigue, enhancing alertness, and boosting physical performance. However, coffee consumption has negative effects, such as decreased sleep quality. In Indonesia, tradition of drinking blended coffee has long developed. Corn is frequently used as a blend due to its distinct taste and lower production costs. It is abundant in bioactive compounds like ferulic acid, carotenoids, and tryptophan. These compounds are potential agents for enhancing sleep quality and mitigating oxidative stress. This study aimed to assess the effect of adding corn to robusta coffee consumption on sleep quality among medical students at the University of Jember. This study was conducted as a clinical trial using a quasi-experimental pretest-posttest design. There were two groups: robusta coffee and robusta coffee-corn group, each comprising 16 subjects. They consumed coffee blends daily for 14 days. Sleep quality was measured using the validated Indonesian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). The Wilcoxon test showed that in the robusta coffee group, there were significant decrease in overall sleep quality and several PSQI components (subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, daytime dysfunction) after intervention. Meanwhile, in the robusta coffee-corn group, the Wilcoxon test showed non-significant differences in overall sleep quality and PSQI components (subjective sleep quality, sleep latency, sleep duration, sleep efficiency, and use of sleeping medication). The Mann-Whitney test showed significant differences between two groups in overall sleep quality and some PSQI components (subjective sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep disturbance, and daytime dysfunction) after intervention. Robusta coffee tends to reduce sleep quality, while adding corn appears to mitigate this effect. It is concluded that the addition of corn to robusta coffee consumption has an effect on the overall sleep quality (PSQI) among medical students.