Hubungan Health Literacy dengan Tingkat Risiko Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) pada Pasien Obesitas di Poliklinik Rumah Sakit Daerah dr. Soebandi Jember

Abstract

Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA) is the most common disease in obese people whose prevalence has not been well diagnosed. This problem is influenced by an individual’s low health literacy ability, which impacts the lack of knowledge related to risk factors, symptoms, and access to health services to screen and manage OSA. This study aims to analyze the relationship between health literacy and the risk level of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in obese patients. This study is a correlational study with a quantitative cross-sectional approach. A sample of 112 respondents was taken by accidental sampling. Data were collected using the Health Literacy Survey Europe 16 Questionnaire (HLS-EU-Q16) and the Berlin questionnaires and analyzed by Kendall’s Tau C with a significant level of 0.05. The results showed that 55.4% of respondents had a problematic health literacy category and 56.2% of respondents had a high-risk level of OSA. A strong positive correlation existed between health literacy and the risk level of OSA (p- value = 0.000; r = 0.651). The lower the health literacy, the higher the risk of OSA. Assessing the patient’s level risk of OSA and providing interventions to improve health literacy is essential to prevent the worsening of symptoms from OSA.