Perhitungan Konduktivitas Termal Logam Timbal (Pb) pada Berbagai Temperatur Menggunakan Metode Simulasi Dinamika Molekul

Abstract

The development of people's lifestyles has resulted in an increase in the need for electrical energy. alternative energy sources that are very promising for generating electrical energy are nuclear power plants. The process of nuclear power generation is determined by various aspects, one of which is the heat transfer mechanism from the reactor terrace to the electric turbine system. Therefore, it is necessary to calculate the thermal conductivity of the metal used for heat transfer. The purpose of this study was to determine the value of thermal conductivity of lead material types and the effect of temperature on the thermal conductivity value of Pb metal produced. The parameter that becomes the dependent variable is the thermal conductivity value of Pb. The second variable is the independent variable, namely temperature using the LAMMPS molecular dynamics method, with temperature variations in quantitative data. This research was conducted in the computational laboratory of the Department of Physics, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences on July 14, 2023. Based on the research conducted with variations in temperature and EAM potential and Lennard-Jones potential, it was found that the thermal conductivity of lead (Pb) tends to be constant over the temperature range evaluated. Despite the temperature variation from 50K to 750K, the average thermal conductivity value using EAM potential shows relative stability between 0.05 to 0.07 [W/mK]. In addition, the results obtained using the Lennard-Jones potential show values of 0.5 to 2.3 [W/mK]. The simulation result of this research is that there is a change in the thermal conductivity value as the temperature increases due to atomic motion or vibrations that occur at higher temperatures, allowing for more efficient heat transfer through the material.