Sintesis Selulosa Asetat dari Tongkol Jagung dengan Variasi Waktu Asetilasi Sebagai Material Pembuatan Membran Filtrasi

Abstract

Corncob is a waste that is classified as a large amount so it has the potential to be utilized properly. Corncobs can be converted into cellulose acetate which is used in the fabrication of filtration membranes. The purpose of this study was to determine the characteristics of the isolated cellulose, to determine the time variation on the characteristics of cellulose acetate and to determine the characteristics of synthetic cellulose acetate membranes. Methods in this research include isolation of cellulose, synthesis of cellulose acetate and fabrication of cellulose acetate membranes. Cellulose isolation produced a yield of 30.05% and a water content of 3.46%. The successful isolation of cellulose was proven by the loss of lignin and hemicellulose peaks in the IR spectra of cellulose at wave number 1731.21 cm-1, namely the vibrational absorption band C=O stretching, the C=C group of aromatic rings 1511.31 cm-1 and the =C-O-C group at number wave 1244.90 cm-1. Synthesis of cellulose acetate through activation, acetylation, de-acetylation and purification processes. Variations in this study is acetylation time 1;1,5;2; and 2.5 hours. The optimum acetylation time is when the acetylation time is 2 hours with an acetyl content of 41.73% and a degree of substitution of 2.6 and dissolves in acetone solvent. Cellulose acetate membranes were prepared using a phase inversion technique. The density of the synthetic CA membrane is lower than that of commercial CA membranes because it has a large pore density while the resulting swelling degree is greater. The physical characteristics of synthetic CA membranes are very wrecked, so alternative to mix CA synthetic and commercial 1:1 to quantify performance. The flux and permeability coefficient produced by synthetic/commercial CA membranes are higher than CA commercial membranes due to the very low solubility in dope solutions.