Uji Toksisitas Scaffold Hidroksiapatit Gipsum Puger dan Pati Singkong Sebagai Bahan Bonegraft Terhadap Kultur Sel Osteoblas

Abstract

Introduction: A scaffold is a three-dimensional structure used as a temporary support medium for the development of new tissue. One of the biomaterials that can be used as a material for making scaffolds is hydroxyapatite. The synthesis of hydroxyapatite can come from natural calcium sources, namely gypsum. This gypsum can be found in Puger area, Jember Regency. The result of the synthesis is hydroxyapatite from puger gypsum. However, puger gypsum hydroxyapatite has weak biomechanical properties. To improve the material properties, it can be combined with cassava starch which can optimize the mechanical properties of the scaffold. The requirements for a scaffold are that it must have high biocompatibility and not be toxic to cells. Purpose: To analyze the toxicity of puger gypsum hydroxyapatite scaffold and cassava starch on osteoblast cells in vitro. Methods: This research method is a laboratory experimental using a post-test only control group design. The toxicity analysis of the puger gypsum hydroxyapatite scaffold employed the MTT Assay method, with the result of absorbance values then entered into the cell viability percentage formula. Result: There is the formation of formazan crystals in osteoblast cells, which can be seen using an inverted microscope. The results of the cell viability percentage are presented in a diagram and mean ± SD table showing that the results of all sample groups have a cell viability percentage value >70%, which means it is not toxic to osteoblast cells. The optimum composition that can be seen in the diagram is at the HAGP:PS (60:40) composition with a percentage value of 114,68 ± 3,04. Conclusion: Puger gypsum hydroxyapatite scaffold and cassava starch are not toxic to osteoblast cells. The optimum composition of HAGP:PS scaffold (60:40) with osteoblast cell viability of 114.68%.