Perbandingan Kadar Total Flavonoid pada Daun dan Bunga Tanaman Biduri (Calotropis gigantea) Dengan Metode Spektrofotometri UV-Vis

Abstract

Latar belakang: Inflamasi serta nyeri pada luka dapat dikurangi dengan penggunaan obat-obatan herbal, salah satunya tanaman biduri (C. gigantea). Daun dan bunga merupakan bagian biduri yang mudah didapatkan dan senyawa flavonoid di dalamnya diyakini memiliki efek penyembuhan luka. Meskipun berada pada satu kesatuan tanaman, namun jumlah senyawa flavonoid dalam daun dan bunga biduri memiliki perbedaan. Tujuan: penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan kadar total flavonoid dalam daun dan bunga tanaman biduri. Metode: Penelitian menggunakan dua kelompok sampel, yaitu ekstrak daun dan bunga biduri. Sampel diuji secara uji warna dengan NaOH 10% dan pengukuran flavonoid total secara spektrofotometri UV-Vis. Hasil: Uji warna dengan NaOH 10% menunjukkan sampel positif mengandung flavonoid. Daun biduri memiliki kadar total flavonoid lebih tinggi dengan rata-rata 9,630 miligram kuersetin ekuivalen per gram ekstrak (mgQE/g ekstrak) dibandingkan bunga biduri dengan rata-rata 1,723 miligram kuersetin ekuivalen per gram ekstrak (mgQE/g ekstrak). Kesimpulan: Terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kadar total flavonoid daun dan bunga biduri.

Background: Inflammation and pain in the wound can be reduced by using herbal medicines, one of which is the biduri plant (C. gigantea). Parts of biduri, the leaves and flowers are easy to find which flavonoid contents are believed to have a wound healing effect. Even though they are in one plant unit, the number of flavonoid contents in biduri leaves and flowers is different. Objective: Examine the comparison of the total contents of flavonoid in the leaves and flowers of the biduri plant. Method: The study used two sample groups, biduri leaf and flower extracts. Samples were tested with color test (NaOH 10%) and measurement of total flavonoids by UV-Vis spectrophotometry. Results: Color test with 10% NaOH showed a positive result. Biduri leaves have higher total flavonoid content with an average 9.630 milligrams of quercetin equivalent per gram extract (mgQE/g extract) compared to biduri flowers with an average 1.723 milligrams of quercetin equivalent per gram extract (mgQE/g extract). Conclusion: There is a significant difference between the total contents of flavonoid in biduri leaves and flowers.